ANALYSIS OF EFFECT THE CAFFEINE AND CARBONATION INTAKE TO BONE DENSITY OF PREGNANT WOMEN

Abstract

Decreased bone density is a serious health problem because its prevalence continues to increase throughout the world, especially for women. Intake of caffeinated and carbonated drinks is one factor that can affect bone density. This study aims to analyze the effect of caffeine and carbonation intake on bone density in pregnant women. This cross-sectional research was conducted in the Andalas Padang Community Health Center working area on 73 pregnant women in the third trimester using a purposive sampling technique. Structured interviews were conducted using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (nutritional intake). Data were analyzed using One Way Anova, Kruskal-Wallis and multiple linear regression tests. The results of statistical tests show that there is no significant relationship (p>0.05) between consumption of caffeinated and carbonated drinks and bone density in pregnant women. However, to find out the extent of the effect, a tertile test was carried outThe results showed that consumption of caffeinated drinks had an impact on the bone density of pregnant women because the less caffeine the mother consumed, the better the mother's bone density, although statistically it was not significant, and for carbonated drinks based on the tertile test, the results were the same between tertile 1 to tertile 3, namely the median 0.00 mg/1000 kcal/day so there are no significant results between carbonation intake and bone density. The conclusion of this study is that caffeine intake plays an important role in bone density in pregnant women.